References

vovr

Высшее образование в России (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)

Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia

0869-36172072-0459

Moscow Polytechnic University

10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-5-37-51

vovr-1744

Research Article

СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ

SOCIOLOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

Университеты и города в провинциальной России

Universities and Cities in Provincial Russia

Зборовский

Г. Е.

Zborovsky

G. E.

garoldzborovsky@mail.com

Амбарова

П. А.

Ambarova

P. A.

p.a.ambarova@urfu.ru

Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина, ЕкатеринбургРоссияUral Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, YekaterinburgRussian Federation

2019

15062019

2853751

2019

Зборовский Г.Е., Амбарова П.А.

Zborovsky G.E., Ambarova P.A.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1744

В статье рассматривается одна из актуальных проблем отечественного высшего образования – отношения между университетами и городами, в которых они расположены. Акцент делается на сложных вопросах взаимосвязи вузов и городов в провинции. Авторы приводят различные классификации российских вузов и городов и предлагают выделять вузы, относящиеся к ядру (высокостатусные), полупериферии (среднестатусные), периферии (низкостатусные). Наиболее проблемным оказывается положение периферийных вузов, расположенных в основном в провинциальных городах. В последние годы прекратили своё самостоятельное существование более 200 вузов, значительная часть которых принадлежит к периферийной группе; под вопросом судьба еще некоторых. Между тем за ними стоят судьбы молодёжи, в целом населения городов, в которых находятся эти вузы. На основе анализа материалов эмпирических исследований в Уральском федеральном округе удалось установить, что ликвидация самостоятельных вузов, превращение их в филиалы и ослабление таким путём высшего образования в средних, больших и даже крупных городах российской провинции ведёт к стагнации и депрессивному состоянию этих городов. Один из основных факторов такой ситуации – массовая образовательная эмиграция молодёжи, которая ведёт к истощению человеческого капитала городов провинциальной России и снижению их потенциала. И наоборот, сохранение самостоятельных вузов в этих городах является важной предпосылкой как их укрепления и роста, так и развития университетов в них. В статье рассматриваются некоторые пути позитивного решения проблем взаимосвязи провинциальных российских вузов и городов, которые могли бы привести к их сохранению и развитию в условиях экономической и социальной неопределённости.

The analysis of higher education (HE) inRussiafocuses on the complicated issues of the relationships between higher education institutions (HEIs) and provincial cities. The authors characterize different typologies of Russian HEIs and cities. It is suggested to distinguish between the HEIs related to the core of HE, semi-periphery, and to the periphery. The situation of peripheral HEIs that are located mainly in provincial cities seems to be the most complicated. Recently, about 300 HEIs and more than 800 branches of universities, a significant part of which belongs to the peripheral group, ceased to exist autonomously. Today the fate of some other provincial HEIs is yet to be defined. Meanwhile, the future of the young people is also tied to the HEIs’s destiny as well as the future of the cities’ population, where they are located. The analysis of the materials based on the authors’ empirical research conducted in the Ural Federal District (UFD) revealed that the elimination of autonomous universities, their transformation into branches and weakening in such a way of the HE in the medium, big and even large cities of the Russian province lead to stagnation and depression of these cities. One of the main factors of this situation is the mass educational migration of young people. The study discusses certain ideas for positive solution of these problems regarding the relationship of provincial Russian universities and cities, which could lead to their preservation and development.

высшее образованиеуниверситетыгородапровинциальная Россияпериферийные вузыобразовательная миграция молодёжичеловеческий капитал

higher education institutionsuniversitiescitiesprovincial Russiaperipheral HEIseducational migration of youthhuman resources

The paper has been prepared with the support by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project № 19-011-00096.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.