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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2019-28-8-9-55-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-1873</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ВЫСШЕЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ: КРИТИЧЕСКИЙ ДИСКУРС</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HIGHER EDUCATION: CRITICAL DISCOURSE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Барьеры в аспирантской подготовке и при защите кандидатской диссертации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Barriers Impeding Postgraduate Training Completion and Dissertation Submission and Defense</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матушанский</surname><given-names>Г. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matushansky</surname><given-names>G. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матушанский Григорий Ушерович – доктор педагогических наук, профессор</p><p>20066 г. Казань, ул. Красносельская, 51 </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory U. Matushansky – Dr. Sci. (Education), Prof.</p><p>51, Krasnoselskaya str., Kazan, 420066</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pppo-kgeu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Завада</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zavada</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Завада Галина Владимировна – кандидат педагогических наук, доцент</p><p>20066 г. Казань, ул. Красносельская, 51 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina V. Zavada – Cand. Sci. (Education), Assoc. Prof.</p><p>51, Krasnoselskaya str., Kazan, 420066</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.zavada@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Матушанская</surname><given-names>Ю. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Matushanskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Матушанская Юлия Григорьевна – доктор философских наук, доцент</p><p>420008, г. Казань, ул. Кремлёвская, 35 </p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia G. Matushanskaya – Dr. Sci. (Philosophy), Assoc. Prof.</p><p>35, Kremlyovskaya str., Kazan, 420008</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jgm2007@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский государственный энергетический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Power Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казанский (Поволжский) федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>8-9</issue><fpage>55</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Матушанский Г.У., Завада Г.В., Матушанская Ю.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Матушанский Г.У., Завада Г.В., Матушанская Ю.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Matushansky G.U., Zavada G.V., Matushanskaya Y.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1873">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/1873</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье анализируются барьеры, возникающие на этапах обучения в отечественной аспирантуре и подготовки к защите кандидатской диссертации. Эмпирическую базу исследования составил опрос целевой аудитории c помощью анкеты о влиянии барьеров на результат аспирантской подготовки и завершения кандидатской диссертации. Целевая выборка содержит три группы: аспиранты, кандидаты наук (выпускники аспирантуры) и доктора наук (научные руководители), представляющие высшие учебные и научные заведения Российской Федерации. Объём выборки – 133 человека. Результаты проведённого исследования проанализированы с помощью графостатистических методов. Построение диаграммы В. Парето позволило выявить 20% наиболее значимых барьеров в аспирантской подготовке и завершении диссертационного исследования. С целью наглядного представления структуры барьеров использована причинно-следственная диаграмма К. Исикавы. Выявлены факторы первичного уровня – аспирант, научный руководитель, учреждение и государство, ответственные за полученный результат. Далее проанализированы факторы вторичного уровня в получении положительного результата аспирантской подготовки. Рассмотрена возможность проведения некоторых мероприятий по уменьшению влияния рассматриваемых барьеров на результаты аспирантской подготовки. Отмечено, что от аспиранта зависят совмещение учёбы с работой не по специальности и факторы семейной жизни. От учреждения зависит наличие ряда значимых трудностей в аспирантской подготовке, в частности отсутствие исследовательского задела. В статье проанализированы организационные барьеры предзащитного и защитного периодов; барьеры, связанные с научным руководителем; выделена проблема низкой мотивации к получению степени.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Fundamental changes in the system of training highly qualified personnel in postgraduate studies have actualized the problems of the targets for the functioning of postgraduate studies. The article analyzes the barriers that arise at the stages of training in postgraduate school and preparing for thesis defense. The empirical basis of the work was a survey of the target audience, which resulted in the formation and testing of a questionnaire to assess the impact of barriers on the outcome of postgraduate training and the completion of postgraduate study. The target sample contains three groups: postgraduate students, holders of Candidates of Science degree and Doctors of Science (scientific supervisors) representing higher education and scientific institutions of the Russian Federation. The sample object was 133 people. The results of the experiment were analyzed using statistical graphs method. To identify key barriers to complete postgraduate studies, the construction of the Pareto diagram was used. As a result, we have identified 20% of the most significant barriers impeding postgraduate training and significant barriers to completing the dissertation research. In order to visualize the structure of the barriers, a causal diagram of K. Ishikawa was used. Primary level factors responsible for the result have been identified including a postgraduate student, scientific supervisor, institution and the state. Further, factors of the secondary level in obtaining a positive result of postgraduate training are analyzed. The paper considers the possibility of carrying out some measures to reduce the barriers to successful completion of postgraduate training and Candidate thesis defense. It is noted that such factors as work-study scheme and family life barriers depend on postgraduate student. Higher education institution is also responsible for a number of significant barriers in postgraduate training, in particular the absence of a research reserve. A very powerful, but, unfortunately, rather rare tool for creating a research reserve for postgraduate studies is its integration with the magistracy. We can refer to a British experience of combining master’s and doctoral studies by way of example. The article also analyzes the organizational barriers during the periods of thesis preparation and submission as well as barriers relating to supervisor’s responsibility. The authors dwell on the problem of low motivation for getting the Candidate of Science degree. It is a common situation in Russia when a Candidate of Science degree holder cannot benefit from the degree obtained. It is necessary to envisage the expansion of positions and professions, where surcharges will be applied for the existing degrees, as well as more comfortable conditions for career growth.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>аспирантская подготовка</kwd><kwd>защита кандидатской диссертации</kwd><kwd>барьеры в аспирантской подготовке</kwd><kwd>анкетирование</kwd><kwd>графостатистический анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>postgraduate training</kwd><kwd>barriers</kwd><kwd>thesis defense procedures</kwd><kwd>dissertation submission motivation</kwd><kwd>questionnaires</kwd><kwd>Candidate of Science degree</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Louw, J., Muller J. A Literature Review on Models of the PhD. 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