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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-5-107-119</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-2778</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СОЦИОЛОГИЯ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOCIOLOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гендерный баланс преподавателей университетов: европейский опыт и его актуальность для России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Gender Balance of University Professors: European Experience and Its Relevance for Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Байков</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baykov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> мл. научный сотрудник</p><p>101000, г. Москва, Потаповский переулок, 5, стр. 4 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> junior researcher5, bldg. 4, Potapovsky pereulok, Moscow, 101000, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baykov@sociocenter.info</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Центр социологических исследований («Социоцентр»)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Autonomous Sociological Research Center<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>107</fpage><lpage>119</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Байков С.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Байков С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Baykov S.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2778">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2778</self-uri><abstract><p> В статье проведено сопоставление мер поддержки женщин – преподавателей университетов в Великобритании, Германии и России с гендерной статистикой OECD. Выявлена неоднозначная корреляция: чем шире меры  поддержки женщин – преподавателей вузов, тем ниже их доля в сфере высшего образования. Цель работы – выявление причины подобной взаимосвязи. В рамках гипотезы выдвинут тезис: высокая конкуренция внутри высшего образования влияет на снижение доли женщин-преподавателей и вынуждает государства вводить широкий набор инструментов поддержки для достижения гендерного баланса. Сравнение статистики сферы высшего образования в исследуемых странах: расходы на НИОКР в сфере высшего образования и условия труда преподавателей (средняя зарплата, мобильность, специфика контрактов,  отработанные часы, возможность карьерного роста) – позволило выявить уровень гендерной конкуренции в университетах. Полученные результаты подтвердили гипотезу о прямом влиянии уровня конкуренции на долю женщин-преподавателей в высшей школе. В заключение  рассмотрена актуальность опыта европейских стран по выстраиванию гендерного баланса среди преподавателей университетов для России. Сделан вывод, что  доминирующая доля женщин – преподавателей университетов в нашей стране не является достаточным  основанием для отказа от изучения зарубежного опыта. Напротив, меры, предпринятые Правительством и Минобрнауки России в последние годы, в случае успешной  реализации значительно увеличат уровень конкуренции в сфере отечественного высшего образования, и вопрос  гендерного баланса станет актуальным. С целью не допустить возможного разрыва поколений среди женщин –преподавателей университетов и предотвратить обострение  проблем гендерного баланса в дальнейшем, необходимо изучать и адаптировать зарубежный опыт.  </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> The article compares measures to support female teachers in universities in the UK, Germany and Russia with gender statistics from the OECD. An ambiguous correlation was revealed: the broader the measures to support  female university teachers, the lower their share in higher education. The purpose of the work is to identify the reasons for this relationship. Within the framework of the hypothesis, the following thesis was put forward: high  competition in higher education affects the decrease in the proportion of female teachers and forces the states to introduce a wide range of support tools to achieve gender balance. Comparison of the specifics of the spheres of higher education in the studied countries: R&amp;D expenditures in the field of higher education and the working conditions of teachers (average salary, mobility, a specificity of contracts, hours worked, career opportunities) made it possible to identify the level of competition in universities. The obtained results confirmed the hypothesis about the direct influence of the level of competition on the share of female teachers in higher education. In conclusion, the relevance of the experience of European countries in building a gender balance among university teachers for Russia is considered. It is concluded that significant differences in the specifics of the sphere of higher education in Russia and the studied European countries, as well as the dominant share of female university teachers in our country, are not a sufficient reason for refusing to study foreign experience. On the contrary, the measures taken by the Government and the Ministry of  Education and Science of Russia in recent years, if successfully implemented,  will significantly increase the level of competition in the field of domestic higher education and the issue of gender balance will become relevant. In order to prevent a possible generational gap among female  university teachers and the aggravation of the problem of gender balance in the future, it is necessary to study and adapt foreign experience, avoiding mistakes. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гендерный баланс</kwd><kwd>женщины-преподаватели</kwd><kwd>гендерная конкуренция в высшем образовании</kwd><kwd>карьерная траектория</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>gender balance</kwd><kwd>female university teachers</kwd><kwd>gender competition in higher education</kwd><kwd>career trajectory</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lewis, T., Everson-Rose, S.A., Powell, L.H, Matthews, K.A., Brown, C., Karavolos, K., SuttonTyrrell, K., Jacobs, E., Wesley, D. (2012). Chronic Exposure to Everyday Racism. 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