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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2022-31-5-46-66</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-3757</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>AREAS OF EDUCATION MODERNIZATION</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Российская аспирантура: проблемы и ключевые факторы развития в контексте глобальных трендов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Doctoral Studies in the Context of Global Trends: Problems and Key Factors of Development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-3492</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сероштан</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seroshtan</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сероштан Мария Васильевна – доктор экономических наук, профессор</p><p>308012, г. Белгород, ул. Костюкова, 46</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maria V. Seroshtan – Dr. Sci. (Economics), Prof.</p><p>46, Kostyukova str., Belgorod, 308012</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Seroshtan-m@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Артамонова</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Artamonova</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Артамонова Кира Алексеевна – кандидат экономических наук, доцент</p><p>125993, Москва, Ленинградский проспект, 49</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kira A. Artamonova – Cand. Sci. (Economics), Assoc. Prof.</p><p>49, Leningradskoe shosse, Moscow, 125993</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KArtamonova@fa.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Акимова</surname><given-names>Г. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akimova</surname><given-names>G. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Акимова Галина Захаровна – кандидат экономических наук</p><p>308012, г. Белгород, ул. Костюкова, 46</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina Z. Akimova – Cand. Sci. (Economics), Assoc. Prof.</p><p>46, Kostyukova str., Belgorod, 308012</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">su402@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бережная</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berezhnaya</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бережная Елена Викторовна – доктор экономических наук, профессор</p><p>355017, г. Ставрополь, ул. Пушкина, 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Berezhnaya – Dr. Sci. (Economics), Prof.</p><p>1, Pushkin str., Stavropol, 355017</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ohvb@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сероштан</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Seroshtan</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сероштан Елена Витальевна – ассистент кафедры</p><p>308012, г. Белгород, ул. Костюкова, 46</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Seroshtan – Assistant of the Department</p><p>46, Kostyukova str., 308012, Belgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Seroshtan.eleni@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Белгородский государственный технологический университет им. В.Г. Шухова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State Technological University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>05</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>46</fpage><lpage>66</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сероштан М.А., Артамонова К.А., Акимова Г.З., Бережная Е.В., Сероштан Е.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сероштан М.А., Артамонова К.А., Акимова Г.З., Бережная Е.В., Сероштан Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Seroshtan M.V., Artamonova K.A., Akimova G.Z., Berezhnaya E.V., Seroshtan E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3757">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3757</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу современного состояния, проблем и ключевых факторов развития российской аспирантуры в связи с её переходом с 2022/2023 учеб. года на реализацию новой модели в контексте глобальных трендов. В результате анализа и оценки статистических данных за 2010–2021 гг. и обобщения многочисленных публикаций исследователей авторы приходят к выводу, что существующая в последнее десятилетие тенденция устойчивого снижения эффективности аспирантуры является проблемой системного характера. Обосновано, что переход на новую модель реализации программ подготовки научных и научно-педагогических кадров в аспирантуре, направленную на повышение её результативности, усиление научной составляющей и качество выполняемых аспирантами кандидатских диссертаций, является важным и необходимым, однако не достаточным условием для решения этой проблемы. В рамках настоящего исследования предпринята попытка систематизировать факторы развития института российской аспирантуры, обусловливающие возможности создания необходимых и достаточных условий для эффективного функционирования системы подготовки кадров высшей квалификации. Авторами выделены три группы ключевых факторов: динамичные изменения в развитии государственной политики, направленные на совершенствование управления в сфере подготовки научных и научно-педагогических кадров; развитая экосистема образовательных и научных организаций, осуществляющих обучение в аспирантуре, включая инфраструктурные, информационные, финансовые, организационные ресурсы и научный потенциал; контингент аспирантов, проявляющих интерес и способности к научно-исследовательской деятельности, обладающих совокупностью компетенций, необходимых для решения задач научно-исследовательского типа, мотивированных на достижение результатов обучения. При этом в качестве перспективных задач рассматриваются такие, как повышение репутационной ответственности организаций, осуществляющих подготовку научных и научно-педагогических кадров; формирование эффективной системы целевого обучения в аспирантуре; развитие механизмов интеграции науки, высшего образования и индустрии, в том числе путём создания консорциумов, стимулы для развития которых заложены в государственной программе поддержки университетов «Приоритет 2030».</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article focuses on the analysis of the current state, problems and key factors in the development of Russian doctoral education in connection with its transition from 2022/2023 academic year to the implementation of a new model in the context of global trends. As a result of analyzing and evaluating statistical data for 2010-2021 and summarizing numerous publications of researchers, the authors conclude that the trend of steady decline in the efficiency of doctoral education over the past decade is a systemic problem. It is proved that the transition to a new model of implementation of doctoral training programs for scientific and scientific-pedagogical staff aimed at improving its effectiveness, strengthening the scientific component and the quality of PhD dissertations is an important and necessary condition, but not sufficient to solve the existing problem. This study is an attempt to systematize the factors affecting the development of doctoral education in Russia, which determine the possibility of creating necessary and sufficient conditions for the effective functioning of the system of training highly qualified personnel. The authors identify three groups of key factors: dynamic changes in the development of the state policy aimed at improving management in the field of training scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel; developed ecosystem of educational and scientific organizations that provide doctoral education, including infrastructure, information, financial, organizational resources and scientific potential; doctoral students with interest and abilities in research activities, possessing a set of competencies necessary for the development of doctoral education. At the same time, such prospective tasks are considered as increasing reputational responsibility of organizations, which offer programs for training scientific and scientific-pedagogical personnel; forming effective system of targeted training in doctoral education; developing mechanisms for integration of science, higher education and industry by means of creating consortiums, the incentives for which are laid down in the “Priority 2030” university state support program.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>российская аспирантура</kwd><kwd>подготовка научных и научно-педагогических кадров</kwd><kwd>новая модель аспирантуры</kwd><kwd>система целевого обучения в аспирантуре</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>doctoral education</kwd><kwd>training of highly qualified personnel</kwd><kwd>scientific-pedagogical personnel</kwd><kwd>targeted doctoral training</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сероштан М.В. 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