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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2025-34-1-82-105</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-5321</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Доказательный дизайн для оценки универсальных компетенций в высшем образовании: преимущества и особенности</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evidence-Based Design Approach for Assessing Universal Competencies in Higher Education: Advantages and Features</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-5138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авдеева</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Avdeeva</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Авдеева Светлана Михайловна – канд. тех. наук, руководитель лаборатории измерения новых конструктов и дизайна тестов Центра психометрики и измерений в образовании Института образования,</p><p>101000, г. Москва, Потаповский пер., 16, стр. 10.</p><p>ResearcherID: ABC-6896-2020.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana M. Avdeeva – Cand. Sci. (Engineering), Head of the Laboratory for Measuring New Constructs and Test Design, Institute of Education,</p><p>16, bld. 10, Potapovsky lane, 101100 Moscow.</p><p>ResearcherID: ABC-6896-2020.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savdeeva@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-3165</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасова Ксения Вадимовна – канд. пед. наук, директор Центра психометрики и измерений в образовании Института образования, </p><p>101000, г. Москва, Потаповский пер., 16, стр. 10.</p><p>ResearcherID: ABD-3327-2020</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ksenia V. Tarasova – Cand. Sci. (Pedagogical Sciences), Director of the Centre for Psychometrics and Measurement in Education, Institute of Education,</p><p>16, bld. 10, Potapovsky lane, 101100 Moscow.</p><p>ResearcherID: ABD-3327-2020.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ktarasova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">National Research University Higher School of Economics<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>82</fpage><lpage>105</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Авдеева С.М., Тарасова К.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Авдеева С.М., Тарасова К.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Avdeeva S.M., Tarasova K.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5321">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5321</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена проблеме оценки универсальных компетенций, которые приобретают всё большее значение в условиях современных требований к выпускникам вузов. Рассматривается необходимость создания валидных и надёжных инструментов для измерения таких навыков, как критическое мышление, креативность, коммуникация и способность решать комплексные задачи. Приводится анализ доказательного дизайна, который предполагает интеграцию когнитивных теорий, инновационных образовательных технологий и психометрических моделей для достижения объективной оценки универсальных компетенций.</p><p>Особое внимание уделяется методу доказательной аргументации, который опирается на использование сценарных заданий, контекстуально приближённых к реальным жизненным и профессиональным ситуациям. Метод доказательной аргументации акцентирует внимание на построении валидного аргумента, который связывает наблюдаемые действия студентов с заявляемыми выводами об уровне их компетенций. Метод позволяет не только фиксировать проявления знаний и навыков в приближённых к реальной жизни ситуациях, но и структурировать процесс разработки инструментов таким образом, чтобы полученные эмпирические результаты можно было обосновать теоретически. Важную роль в доказательном подходе играет процесс построения аргумента на основе собранных доказательств, что отличает данный подход от традиционных методов, где акцент делается на статистических и психометрических характеристиках тестов. Изложение основ метода проводится на примере инструмента по оценке критического мышления студентов вузов CT Test, который обладает доказанным психометрическим качеством. Данный инструмент прошёл апробацию более чем на 10 000 студентов российских вузов.</p><p>В статье обосновывается, что внедрение инструментов, основанных на доказательном подходе, позволит значительно улучшить качество оценки универсальных компетенций у студентов, что делает данный подход перспективным для применения в образовательном процессе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article addresses the issue of assessing universal competencies, which are becoming increasingly important given modern demands on university graduates. It emphasizes the need for valid and reliable tools to measure skills such as critical thinking, creativity, communication, and complex problem-solving. The paper presents an analysis of an evidence-based design approach, which integrates cognitive theories, innovative educational technologies, and psychometric models to achieve objective assessments of these competencies.</p><p>Particular attention is given to the evidence-centered design methodology, which relies on scenario-based tasks closely reflecting real-life and professional situations. This method emphasizes constructing valid argument that link students’ observable behaviors to claims about their competence levels. The approach not only captures demonstrations of knowledge and skills in realistic contexts but also structures the instrument development process to ensure that empirical results are theoretically sound. A distinctive feature of this approach is the process of building arguments from collected evidence, differentiating it from traditional methods, which focus primarily on the statistical and psychometric properties of tests.</p><p>The principles of this method are illustrated using the CT Test for assessing university students’ critical thinking, a tool with established psychometric quality, which has been piloted with over 10,000 students in Russian universities. The article argues that implementing evidence-based tools will substantially enhance the validity and reliability of competency assessments among students, making this approach a promising candidate for integration into educational practice.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>доказательный подход в оценивании</kwd><kwd>метод доказательной аргументации</kwd><kwd>универсальные компетенции</kwd><kwd>комплексный латентный конструкт</kwd><kwd>модель измерения</kwd><kwd>валидный аргумент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>evidence-based design approach</kwd><kwd>evidence-centered design</kwd><kwd>universal competencies</kwd><kwd>complex latent construct</kwd><kwd>measurement model</kwd><kwd>validity argument</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Исследование осуществлено в рамках Программы фундаментальных исследований НИУ ВШЭ в 2024 г.</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This research was supported by the National Research University Higher School of Economics under the Fundamental Research Program in 2024.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Разумова Т.О., Телешова И.Г. 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