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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2025-3412-64-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-5880</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Аспиранты из индустриального сектора: специфика образовательного опыта и взаимодействия с работодателями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Industrial Doctoral Students: Specifics of Educational Experience and Doctorate-Employer Cooperation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6367-6532</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыбаков</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rybakov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыбаков Николай Валерьевич – канд. социол. наук, доцент, доцент центра исследований науки и развития аспирантского образования, </p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, пр-кт Гагарина, д. 23, корп. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolai V. Rybakov – Ph.D. (Sociology), Associate Professor at the Center for Research on Science and Development of Postgraduate Education, </p><p>23, Gagarina ave., Nizhni Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rybakov-nv@phd.unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4425-725X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жучкова</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuchkova</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жучкова Светлана Васильевна – канд. наук об образовании, научный сотрудник, заместитель директора Института образования, </p><p>101000, Москва, Потаповский переулок, д. 16, стр. 10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Zhuchkova – Ph.D. (Education), Research Fellow, Deputy Director at the Institute of Education, </p><p>16, Potapovsky lane, bldg. 10, Moscow, 101000.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">szhuchkova@hse.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8744-6042</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бедный</surname><given-names>Б. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bednyi</surname><given-names>B. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бедный Борис Ильич – д-р физ.-мат. наук, профессор, руководитель центра исследований науки и развития аспирантского образования, </p><p>603950, г. Нижний Новгород, просп. Гагарина, д. 23, корп. 2.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Boris I. Bednyi – Doctor of Sciences (Physics and Mathematics), Head of the Center for Research on Science and Development of Postgraduate Education, </p><p>23, Gagarina ave., Nizhni Novgorod, 603950.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bib@unn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>HSE University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>34</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>64</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рыбаков Н.В., Жучкова С.В., Бедный Б.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рыбаков Н.В., Жучкова С.В., Бедный Б.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Rybakov N.V., Zhuchkova S.V., Bednyi B.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5880">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5880</self-uri><abstract><p>В российском контексте интеграция науки, образования и производственной сферы является одной из стратегических задач государства. В настоящее время предприняты инициативы по достижению такой интеграции на уровне аспирантуры путём создания новых форматов подготовки аспирантов (например, пилотный проект «производственная аспирантура»). Однако для формирования обоснованных управленческих решений в этом направлении требуются данные об образовательном опыте обучающихся, сочетающих обучение в аспирантуре с профессиональной деятельностью в индустриальном секторе. В настоящей работе на основе данных всероссийского социологического опроса выпускников аспирантур (N=1530) авторы попытались ответить на три вопроса. Какова специфика образовательного опыта аспирантов, совмещающих обучение с работой на предприятиях реального сектора экономики? Предоставляют ли частные компании поддержку своим сотрудникам, обучающимся в аспирантуре? Как такая поддержка влияет на их образовательный опыт? Результаты показывают, что 26% аспирантов совмещают обучение с работой в индустрии, причём их мотивы поступления в аспирантуру часто связаны с карьерным ростом и исследовательским интересом в сфере наукоёмких производств. Аспиранты из индустриального сектора чаще сталкиваются с академической и социальной изоляцией, реже взаимодействуют с научными руководителями и коллегами, что может создавать препятствия для успешного завершения работы над диссертацией. Ключевыми барьерами на пути к учёной степени для них являются потеря интереса к теме исследования и сложность совмещения работы с учёбой. Авторы выделяют три формы участия работодателей в аспирантской подготовке: (1) контроль со стороны работодателя, (2) интеграцию диссертации в рабочие задачи, (3) интерес и поддержку со стороны работодателя. Наиболее эффективной оказывается последняя, включающая материальную и организационную помощь, что повышает шансы на защиту и положительно влияет на карьерные перспективы аспирантов. Исследование подчёркивает необходимость адаптации аспирантских программ к потребностям индустриального сектора, включая гибкие форматы обучения, совместное руководство диссертациями и акцент на практико-ориентированные исследования.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the Russian context, the integration of science, education, and industry is one of the state’s strategic priorities. Initiatives have been launched to achieve such integration at the level of doctoral education by creating new training formats for doctoral students (e.g., the pilot project “industrial doctorate”). However, developing evidence-based policy decisions in this area requires data on the educational experiences of students combining their doctoral studies with professional work in the industrial sector. Based on data from a nationwide sociological survey of doctoral graduates (N=1530), this paper attempts to answer three questions: What are the specific characteristics of the educational experience of doctoral students who combine their studies with work in industry? Do private companies provide support to their employees pursuing doctoral degrees? How does such support affect their educational experience? The findings reveal that 26% of doctoral students combine their studies with industrial employment, with career advancement and research interests being their primary motivations to get a degree rather than academic careers. Industrial doctoral students frequently experience academic and social isolation, with limited interaction with supervisors and peers, which may hinder dissertation completion. Key obstacles to achieve a doctoral degree include loss of interest in the research topic and difficulties balancing work and study commitments. The study identifies three forms of employer involvement: (1) control, (2) integration of dissertation into work tasks, and (3) interest and support from the employer. The latter proves most effective, encompassing both material and organizational assistance, which increases the likelihood of degree completion and enhances career prospects. The research highlights the need to adapt doctoral programs to industrial sector requirements through flexible learning formats, joint dissertation supervision, and practice-oriented research.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>индустриальная аспирантура</kwd><kwd>производственная аспирантура</kwd><kwd>взаимодействие науки и бизнеса</kwd><kwd>аспирантский опыт</kwd><kwd>эффективность аспирантуры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>industrial PhD programs</kwd><kwd>industrial doctorate</kwd><kwd>science and industry cooperation</kwd><kwd>doctoral student experience</kwd><kwd>doctoral education performance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Анализ данных для статьи был проведён в ходе исследования «Трансформация аспирантуры в Китае и России» в рамках проекта «Международное академическое сотрудничество» НИУ ВШЭ.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Data analysis was conducted as part of the research project "Transformation of doctoral education in China and Russia" within the framework “International academic cooperation” at HSE University.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Человеческий потенциал: современные трактовки и результаты исследований: монография / под науч. ред. 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