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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2026-35-3-114-130</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-6132</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Искусственный интеллект и будущее инженерной профессии: восприятие студентов технических вузов в условиях индустрии 4.0</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Engineering Profession: The Technical University Students’ Perception in the Context of Industry 4.0</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-2524</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесникова</surname><given-names>Е. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnikova</surname><given-names>E. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колесникова Елена Михайловна – канд. социол. наук, старший научный сотрудник сектора социологии профессий и профессиональных групп</p><p>Scopus ID: 57201673823</p><p>117218, г. Москва, ул. Кржижановского 24/35, корп. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena M. Kolesnikova – Cand.Sci. (Sociology), Senior Researcher</p><p>24/35 Krzhizhanovskiy str., bld. 5, Moscow, 117218</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kolesnikova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2110-8806</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куденко</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudenko</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куденко Ирина Александровна – канд. географ. наук, главный эксперт</p><p>Scopus ID: 35148170600;</p><p>30173, г. Ганновер, Бишофсхолер Дамм, д. 40</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Kudenko – Cand.Sci. (Geography), Principal Evaluator</p><p>40 Bischofsholer Damm, Hannover, 30173</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irkudenko@googlemail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт социологии ФНИСЦ РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Sociology Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Куденко консалтинг – глобальные услуги по оценке и исследованиям</institution><country>Германия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kudenko consulting Ltd. – Global Evaluation and Research Services</institution><country>Germany</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>114</fpage><lpage>130</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Колесникова Е.М., Куденко И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Колесникова Е.М., Куденко И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kolesnikova E.M., Kudenko I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6132">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6132</self-uri><abstract><p>Искусственный интеллект становится неотъемлемым элементом инженерной профессии и системы подготовки инженеров в эпоху Индустрии 4.0. Цель данного исследования – выявить, как студенты инженерных специальностей воспринимают влияние ИИ на будущее профессии: содержание труда и её социальный статус, включая перспективы занятости и доходов. Теоретической основой служит неовеберианский подход в социологии профессий, рассматривающий профессиональные группы как статусные, чьё положение на рынке труда определяется монополией на специализированные знания и компетенции. Эмпирическую базу составили опрос студентов технических вузов Москвы и Самары (N = 610, МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, Московский политех, Самарский университет им. Королёва, 2024 г.) и полуструктурированные экспертные интервью с практикующими инженерами и представителями образовательных организаций (N = 5). Результаты показывают, что студенты воспринимают ИИ преимущественно как инструмент, оптимизирующий труд инженера, а не вытесняющий его. Вместе с тем социальные последствия внедрения ИИ – прежде всего перспективы занятости и уровень оплаты труда – оцениваются значительно менее оптимистично. Более разнообразное использование ИИ в учебно-профессиональной деятельности ассоциировано с большим оптимизмом относительно профессиональных перспектив. Делается вывод о том, что системе высшего инженерного образования необходимо не только интегрировать ИИ-инструменты в учебный процесс, но и формировать у студентов обоснованное позитивное видение перспектив профессии в инженерно-технологической экономике.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Artificial intelligence is becoming an integral part of the engineering profession and the engineering education system in the era of Industry 4.0. The purpose of this study is to investigate how engineering students perceive the impact of AI on the future of the profession: the nature of work and its social status, including employment and income prospects. The study is based on the neo-Weberian approach in the sociology of professions, which views professional groups as status groups whose position in the labor market is determined by their monopoly on specialized knowledge and competencies. The empirical basis was a survey of students from technical universities in Moscow and Samara (N = 610, Bauman Moscow State Technical University, Moscow Polytechnic University, Samara University, 2024) and semi-structured expert interviews with practicing engineers and representatives of educational organizations (N = 5). The results show that students perceive AI primarily as a tool that optimizes the engineer’s work, rather than displacing it. At the same time, the social consequences of AI implementation, primarily employment prospects and wages, are significantly less optimistic. A more diverse use of AI in educational and professional activities is associated with greater optimism about professional prospects. It is concluded that the higher engineering education system needs to not only integrate AI tools into the educational process, but also to create a well-founded positive vision of the profession in the context of technology economy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>инженерное образование</kwd><kwd>Индустрия 4.0</kwd><kwd>социология профессий</kwd><kwd>восприятие профессии</kwd><kwd>профессиональный статус</kwd><kwd>студенты технических вузов</kwd><kwd>высшее образование</kwd><kwd>профессионализация</kwd><kwd>неовеберианский подход</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>engineering education</kwd><kwd>Industry 4.0</kwd><kwd>sociology of professions</kwd><kwd>professional perception</kwd><kwd>professional status</kwd><kwd>engineering students</kwd><kwd>higher education</kwd><kwd>professionalization</kwd><kwd>neo-Weberian approach sociology of professions</kwd><kwd>social mobility</kwd><kwd>engineers</kwd><kwd>professionalization</kwd><kwd>social status</kwd><kwd>professional groups</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Благодарности. Авторы выражают благодарность МГТУ им. Н.Э. Баумана, Московскому Политеху, Самарскому университету им. Королева за помощь и поддержку в исследовании.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The authors express their gratitude to the BMSTU, Moscow Polytechnic University and Samara University. Thank you for your help and support in the research.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Сакс М. Неовеберианство и профессии // Социологические исследования. – 2020. – № 6. – С. 28–41. – DOI: 10.31857/S013216250009646-3.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saks, М. (2020). Neo-Weberianism and the Professions. Sotsiologicheskie issledovaniya [Sociological Studies]. Vol. 6, pp. 28-41, doi: 10.31857/S013216250009646-3. 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