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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vovr</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Высшее образование в России  (Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia)</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii  = Higher Education in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0869-3617</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2072-0459</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Moscow Polytechnic University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31992/0869-3617-2026-35-7-53-75</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vovr-6430</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Когнитивная экстернализация и ГенИИ в высшей школе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cognitive Externalization and Generative AI in Higher Education</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4033-2937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидорчук</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorchuk</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сидорчук Роман Роальдович – д-р экон. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры маркетинга; профессор кафедры маркетинга; заместитель директора Центра маркетинговых технологий ИМЭБ экономического факультета, Почётный работник сферы образования РФ</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56426297800</p><p>Researcher ID: D-4239-2009</p><p>115054, г. Москва, Стремянный пер., д. 36</p><p>117997, г. Москва, ул. Миклухо-Маклая, д. 6</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman R. Sidorchuk – Dr.Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor, Professor at the Marketing Department; Professor at the Marketing Department; Deputy Director of the Center for Marketing Technologies, Institute of World Economy and Business, Faculty of Economics, Honorary Worker of the Education Sector of the Russian Federation</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 56426297800</p><p>Researcher ID: D-4239-2009</p><p>36, Stremyanny lane, Moscow, 115054</p><p>6, Miklukho-Maklaya str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sidorchuk.rr@rea.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский экономический университет им. Г.В. Плеханова; Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Plekhanov Russian University of Economics; Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>35</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сидорчук Р.Р., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сидорчук Р.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sidorchuk R.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6430">https://vovr.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/6430</self-uri><abstract><p>Распространение генеративного искусственного интеллекта (ГенИИ) в высшем образовании ставит под вопрос достаточность прежних представлений о цифровизации обучения, поскольку затрагивает не только образовательную инфраструктуру, но и когнитивные операции, лежащие в основе учебной деятельности. Цель статьи – интерпретировать ГенИИ как новую волну когнитивной экстернализации и определить последствия такой интерпретации для проектирования учебной деятельности, процессуального оценивания и сохранения образовательной субъектности. Под когнитивной экстернализацией понимается вынесение части операций памяти, фиксации, смысловой переработки, структурирования и подготовки решения во внешнюю знаковую или социально-техническую среду при сохранении необходимости человеческого контроля, интерпретации и ответственности или без контроля человеком, если делегирование операций внешней системе перестаёт сопровождаться осознанной проверкой результата. Метод исследования – интегративный проблемно-аналитический обзор литературы, основанный на сопоставлении работ о письменности как когнитивной технологии и исследований влияния ГенИИ на университетское обучение. Научная новизна статьи состоит в интерпретации ГенИИ как новой волны когнитивной экстернализации и в теоретическом обосновании ранее предложенной автором модели PPAIR как дидактического ответа на трансформацию учебной деятельности. Показано, что статус «волны» определяется не самим фактом появления новой технологии, а изменением базовых когнитивных операций, объекта педагогического контроля и форм оценивания. Установлено, что, в отличие от письменности, исторически обеспечивавшей внешнюю фиксацию памяти и накопление знания, ГенИИ выносит во внешнюю среду операции языковой и смысловой переработки материала, генерации вариантов и подготовки решений. Обосновано, что это меняет архитектуру учебной деятельности, снижает диагностическую надёжность текстоцентричных форм оценивания и усиливает проблему образовательной субъектности. В качестве процессуального дидактического ответа теоретически обоснована модель PPAIR: Problem – Prompt – GenAI Generation – Iterate – Reflect (Проблема – Промпт – ГенИИ-генерация – Итерация – Рефлексия), ориентированная на фиксацию не только результата, но и траектории работы студента с генеративной моделью. Сделан вывод о том, что внедрение ГенИИ в университетское обучение требует пересмотра инструментов преподавания, критериев доказательности учебного результата и институциональных оснований академической ответственности. Практическое значение статьи состоит в обосновании перехода от запретительной логики к управляемой интеграции ГенИИ в образовательный процесс.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The spread of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) in higher education calls into question the adequacy of earlier conceptions of the digitalization of learning, since it affects not only educational infrastructure but also the cognitive operations underlying learning activity itself. The aim of the article is to interpret GenAI as a new wave of cognitive externalization and to determine the implications of this interpretation for learning design, process-based assessment, and learner agency in higher education. Cognitive externalization is defined as the transfer of some operations of memory, fixation, semantic processing, structuring, and preparation of decisions into an external symbolic or socio-technical environment while preserving the need for human control, interpretation, and responsibility or, in some cases, without actual human control when delegated operations are not consciously verified. The study employs an integrative problem-oriented analytical literature review based on a comparison of scholarship on writing as a cognitive technology and research on the impact of GenAI on university teaching and learning. The scientific novelty of the article lies in interpreting GenAI as a new wave of cognitive externalization and in theoretically grounding the previously proposed PPAIR model as a didactic response to the transformation of learning activity. It is shown that the status of a “wave” is determined not by the mere emergence of a new technology but by changes in basic cognitive operations, the object of pedagogical control, and forms of assessment. Unlike writing, which historically enabled the external fixation of memory and the accumulation of knowledge, GenAI externalizes operations of linguistic and semantic processing, the generation of alternatives, and the preparation of decisions. This changes the architecture of learning activity, reduces the diagnostic reliability of text- centric forms of assessment, and intensifies the problem of learner agency. As a process-oriented didactic response, the article theoretically grounds the PPAIR model – Problem – Prompt – AI Generation – Iterate – Reflect – which is aimed at capturing not only the final product but also the student’s trajectory of working with a generative model. It is concluded that the integration of GenAI into university education requires reconsideration of teaching tools, criteria for validating learning outcomes, and institutional foundations of academic responsibility. The practical significance of the article lies in substantiating a shift from a prohibitive logic toward the managed integration of GenAI into the educational process.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>высшее образование</kwd><kwd>генеративный искусственный интеллект</kwd><kwd>ГенИИ</kwd><kwd>письменность</kwd><kwd>когнитивная экстернализация</kwd><kwd>волна когнитивной экстернализации</kwd><kwd>когнитивная разгрузка</kwd><kwd>образовательная субъектность</kwd><kwd>процессуальное оценивание</kwd><kwd>академическое оценивание</kwd><kwd>ИИ-грамотность</kwd><kwd>PPAIR</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>higher education</kwd><kwd>generative artificial intelligence</kwd><kwd>GenAI</kwd><kwd>writing</kwd><kwd>cognitive externalization</kwd><kwd>wave of cognitive externalization</kwd><kwd>cognitive offloading</kwd><kwd>learner agency</kwd><kwd>process-based assessment</kwd><kwd>academic assessment</kwd><kwd>AI literacy</kwd><kwd>PPAIR</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">OECD Digital Education Outlook 2026 : Exploring Effective Uses of Generative AI in Education / ed. by S. 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