Features of the Conjugation of Higher Education and the Labor Sphere in the Context of Structural Transformations of the Domestic Higher Education System

The subject of this work is the study of the problem of conjugation of higher education and the labor sphere using various algorithms of normative and methodological description of the structure of qualification of a graduate of higher education (hereinafter referred to as academic qualification) and the qualification of a working specialist (hereinafter referred to as professional qualification). It is shown that the imperative of readiness of a graduate of higher education immediately after receiving a diploma of higher education to comply with the labor market, that is, the requirements of the employer, as well as the goals of the company or enterprise with the existing organization of the educational process is largely an ephemeral construction. A new algorithm is proposed and the degree of expediency of using the concept of “competence” in the interface of the system of higher education and the labor sphere is revealed. It is confirmed that its use in the educational context with the existing organization of the educational process creates additional difficulties in solving the problem under consideration.

1. Klarin, M.V., Osmolovskaya, I.M. (2020). Prospective areas of didactic research: А problem statement. Obrazovanie i nauka = The Education and Science Journal. Vol. 22, no. 10, pp. 61-89, doi: 10.17853/1994-5639-2020-10-61-89 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

2. Khenner, E.K. (2018). Professional knowledge and professional competencies in higher education. Obrazovanie i nauka = The Education and Science Journal. Vol. 20, no. 20, pp. 9-31, doi: 10.17853/1994-5639-2018-2-9-31 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

3. Senashenko, V.S. (2024). Competencies in educational legislation and by-laws. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshey shkoly) = Alma Mater (Bulletin of Higher Education). No. 12, pp. 8-18, doi: 10.20339/AM.12-24.008 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

4. Khokhlova, M.V., Ermakova, E.A., Mashkova, E.V., Yakovleva, S.S. (2019). Competence Approach as a System Manifestation of the Crisis in the Educational Process of Higher School. Ergodesain = Ergodesign. No. 4, pp. 196-202, doi: 10.30987/2619-1512-2019-2019-4-196-202 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

5. Doggett, M., Jahan, M. (2016). Perceptions of the Advanced Manufacturing Competency Model (AMCM) for curriculum development. In: Conference: International Association of Journal and Conferences (IAJC)/ International Society of Agile Manufacturing (ISAM). Orlando, FL. ISBN 978-1-60643-379-9. Available at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321228615_Perceptions_of_the_Advanced_Manufacturing_Competency_Model_AMCM_for_curriculum_development (accessed: 26.12.2025).

6. Spencer, L. M., & Spencer, S. M. (1993). Competence at Work: Models for Superior Performance. New York: John Wiley. ISBN 0-471-54809-х. (Russian Translation: Moscow: HIPPO, 2005. 384 p. ISBN 5-98293-066-0).

7. Senashenko, V.S. (2024). The category of learning outcomes “competence” as an element of the natural development of the knowledge educational model. In: Vysshaia shkola: opyt, problemy, perspektivy. Materialy XVII Mezhdunarododnoi nauchno-prakticheskoi konferetsii [Higher School: Experience, Problems, Prospects. Proceedings of the XVII International Scientific and Practical Conference. March 21, 2024] Moscow: RUDN University, pp. 15-20. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_74494416_38982980.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

8. Senashenko, V.S. (2023). On Some Features of the Renewal of the System of Higher Education in Russia. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshey shkoly) = Alma Mater (Bulletin of Higher Education). No. 12, pp. 9-15, doi: 10.20339/AM.12-23.009 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

9. Konstantinova, L.V., Petrov, A.M., Shtykhno, D.A. (2023). Rethinking of Approaches to the Level System of Higher Education in Russia in the Context of Exit from the Bologna Process. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 9-24, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2023-32-2-9-24

10. Petruneva, R.M., Vasilyeva, V.D., Petruneva, Yu.V. (2021). Problems of Higher School Didactics: Uncut Pages. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 30, no. 8-9, pp. 56-68, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-8-9-56-68 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

11. Makarova, N.S. (2014). The concept of development of didactic knowledge about the educational process in higher school. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovania = Modern Problems of Science and Education. No. 5, p. 55. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_22566380_69279153.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

12. Yakovleva, I.V., Kosenko, T.S. (2020). The competence and knowledge approaches: philosophical and educational problems of understanding and application. Professionalnoe obrazovanie v sovremennom mire = Professional Education in the Modern World. Vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 3474-3480, doi: 10.15372/PEMW20200110 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

13. Struchkova, E.P. (2023). Professional Standards as a Tool for Conjugating Higher Education and the Sphere of Work: a paper of Ph.D student. Elets. Available at: https://www.dissercat.com/content/professionalnye-standarty-kak-instrument-sopryazheniya-vyssh (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ.).

14. Senashenko, V.S., Struchkova, E.P. (2020). Higher School and the Needs of the Real Economy. Vysshee obrazovanie segodnia = Higher Education Today. No. 3, pp. 11-16, doi: 10.25586/RNU.HET.20.03.P.11 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

15. Novikov, P.N. (2022). Approaches to the interaction of the sphere of labor and the system of professional education on the basis of professional standards: historical aspect. Aktualnye voprosy sovremennoi ekonomii = Actual Issues of the Modern Economy. No. 1, pp. 70-80. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_47897644_68847939.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

16. Teleshova, I.G. (2022). Conjugation of the Federal State Educational Standards of Higher Education with the Requirements of the Labor Market. New opportunities. FUMO. Faculty of Economics of Moscow State University. Moscow. 16.11.2022. Available at: https://25fumo.mai.ru/meetings/Teleshova%20I.%20G.%20%E2%80%94%20Sopryazhenie%20FGOS. (accessed 26.12.2024). (In Russ.).

17. Senashenko, V.S., Struchkova, E.P. (2020). On the Influence of Structural Transformations in the Sphere of Education on the Conjugation of Higher Education and the Sphere of Work. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshey shkoly) = Alma Mater (Bulletin of Higher Education). No. 9, pp. 6880, doi: 10.20339/AM.09-20.068 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

18. Senashenko, V.S., Struchkova, E.P. (2019). Individual educational programs as a new mechanism for linking higher education and the world of work. Vestnik RUDN. Seria: Psikhologia i Pedagogika = RUDN Journal of Psychology and Pedagogics. No. 3, pp. 451-465, doi: 10.22363/2313-1683-2019-16-3-451-465 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

19. Daneykin, Yu.V., Kalpinskaya, O.E., Fedotova, N.G. (2020). Project Approach to the Implementation of Individual Educational Trajectory in a Modern University. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 29, no. 8-9, pp. 104-116, doi: 10.31992/0869-36172020-29-8-9-104-116 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

20. Walter, S., Lee, J.D. (2022). How Susceptible are Skills to Obsolescence? A Task-Based Perspective of Human Capital Depreciation. Foresight and STI Governance. Vol. 16(2), pp. 32-41, doi: 10.17323/2500-2597.2022.2.32.41

21. Voloshina I.A., Novikov P.N. (2020). The concept of skill in the system of professional education. Aktualnye voprosy sovremennoi ekonomii = Actual Issues of the Modern Economy. No. 1, pp. 637-646, doi: 10.34755/IROK.2020.11.65.089 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

22. Voloshina, I.A., Novikov, P.N. (2020). Concept of Skill in the Sphere of Labor. Aktualnye voprosy sovremennoi ekonomii = Actual Issues of the Modern Economy. No. 2, pp. 163-174, doi: 10.34755/IROK.2020.68.76.127 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

23. Zaitseva, O.M., Novikov, P.N. (2019). National system of qualifications: problems of the conceptual apparatus (competence). Aktualnye voprosy sovremennoi ekonomii = Actual Issues of the Modern Economy. No. 1, pp. 57-66. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_37297961_74875314.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

24. Bobryshov S.V., Sayenko L.A. (2016). Competence and Knowledge Approaches in Professional Education: Problematic Issues of Understanding and Realities of Application. Izvestia Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Pedagogicheskie nauki = Ivzestia of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. Pedagogical Sciences. No. 5, pp. 16-22. Available at: http://izvestia.vspu.ru/files/publics/109/16-22.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

25. Senashenko, V.S. (2018). Conjugation Levels between Higher Education and Labour Sphere. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 38-47. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_32673072_29397408.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

26. Sukharev, O.S., Spasennikov, V.V. (2020). Transformation of Higher Education: Overcoming the Conflict of Competencies and Fundamentality. Ergodesign. No. 3(09), pp. 107-119, doi: 10.30987/2658-4026-2020-3-107¬119 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

27. Verbickii, А.А. (2015). Problems of the project approach to specialist training. Vysshee obrazovanie segodnia = Higher Education Today. No. 4, pp. 2–8. Available at: https://www.elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_23376038_84260384.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024) (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

28. Mishin I.N. (2022). Implementation of Project Activities in the System of Student-Centered Learning. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 140-151, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2022-31-3-140-151 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

29. Starodubtsev, V.A. (2021). Practice-centered learning in higher education. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 30, no. 5, pp. 75-87, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-202130-5-75-87 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

30. Pevnaya, M.V., Boronina, L.N., Kulminskaya, A.V. (2024). Actual issues of the implementation of project-based learning in higher education (based on the materials of the round table).Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 142-154, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-12-142-154 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

31. Nikolskiy, V.S., Ambarova, P.A., Shabrova, N.V., Zemtsov, D.I., Metelev, A.P. (2024). Readiness of University Students for Public Service. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 33, no. 8-9, pp. 9-26, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-8-9-9-26 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

32. Apenko, S.N., Lukash, A.V., Davydov, A.I. (2024). Integration of Universities and Employers – Potential in Building Social Capital. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 144-164, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-7-144-164 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

33. Melikyan, A.V. (2024). Typology of Results of Cooperation between Russian Universities and Business. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 108-131, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-11-108-131 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

34. Konstantinova, L.V., Titova, E.S., Petrov, A.M. (2024). Institutional Transformations ofHigher Education: Key Gaps and New Practices. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 33, no. 11, pp. 9-28, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2024-33-11-9-28 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

35. Khamidulin, V.S. (2020). Development of a Model of Project-Based Learning. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 135-149. DOI: 10.31992/08693617-2020-29-1-135-149 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.)

36. Kudryashova, E.V., Sorokin, S.E., Bugaenko, O.D. (2020). University-Industry Interaction as an Element of the University’s “Third Mission” Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 29, no. 5, pp. 9-21, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-5-9-21 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

37. Miroshnikov, S.A., Notova, S.V., Nikulina, Yu.N. (2022). Personnel Cooperation between University and Industrial Partners in the Context of Youth Career Development. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 31, no. 8-9, pp. 99-115, doi: 10.31992/08693617-2022-31-8-9-99-115 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.)

38. Boguslavsky, M.V., Ladyzhets, N.V., Sannikova, O.V., Neborsky, E.V. (2020). Univer sity Interaction with Regional Subjects in the Assessments of the Faculty. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 40-49, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2020-29-4-40-49 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

39. Rudskoy, A.I., Borovkov, A.I., Romanov, P.I. (2021). Concept of the FSES HE of the Fourth Generation for Engineering Education in the Context of Implementing the Assignments of the President of Russia. Vysshee obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia. Vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 73-85, doi: 10.31992/0869-3617-2021-30-4-73-85 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

40. Soloviev, V.P., Pereskokova, T.A. (2023). Vocational education in a new format. Alma Mater (Vestnik vysshey shkoly) = Alma Mater (Bulletin of Higher Education). No. 1, pp. 9-19, doi: 10.20339/AM.09-23.007 (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).

41. Rukavishnikov, V.A. (2016). Actualization of educational standards of the fourth generation. Izvestia Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo pedagogicheskogo universiteta. Pedagogicheskie nauki = Ivzestia of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University. Pedagogical Sciences. Vol. 32, no. 4, pp. 156-164. Available at: https://elibrary.ru/download/elibrary_29729440_46074654.pdf (accessed: 26.12.2024). (In Russ., abstract in Eng.).