Предпринимательские намерения студентов: модерирующий эффект личностных характеристик

На основе опроса 391 респондента из двух московских университетов проведён анализ предпринимательских намерений студентов. Цель работы: оценить модерирующий эффект личностных характеристик (склонности к риску и инновационности) на связь между предпринимательскими намерениями и их факторами. В качестве метода исследования используется регрессионный анализ с добавлением произведений переменных, отвечающих за личностные характеристики индивида, с переменными воспринимаемого контроля и страхов, связанных с открытием бизнеса (interaction effects). Выявлено, что воспринимаемый контроль, личностные установки и семейное окружение положительно связаны с предпринимательскими намерениями студентов, а страхи – отрицательно. Субъективные нормы не связаны с предпринимательскими намерениями студентов. «Предпринимательские» характеристики студентов, а именно склонность к риску и инновационность, ослабляют как негативную связь страхов, связанных с открытием бизнеса, с предпринимательскими намерениями, так и положительную связь между воспринимаемым контролем и предпринимательскими намерениями. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы при формировании государственной политики в области предпринимательского образования, а также непосредственно при разработке образовательных программ для студентов, обучающихся по направлениям, где уделяется внимание развитию предпринимательских навыков. 

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