Университеты и города в провинциальной России

В статье рассматривается одна из актуальных проблем отечественного высшего образования – отношения между университетами и городами, в которых они расположены. Акцент делается на сложных вопросах взаимосвязи вузов и городов в провинции. Авторы приводят различные классификации российских вузов и городов и предлагают выделять вузы, относящиеся к ядру (высокостатусные), полупериферии (среднестатусные), периферии (низкостатусные). Наиболее проблемным оказывается положение периферийных вузов, расположенных в основном в провинциальных городах. В последние годы прекратили своё самостоятельное существование более 200 вузов, значительная часть которых принадлежит к периферийной группе; под вопросом судьба еще некоторых. Между тем за ними стоят судьбы молодёжи, в целом населения городов, в которых находятся эти вузы. На основе анализа материалов эмпирических исследований в Уральском федеральном округе удалось установить, что ликвидация самостоятельных вузов, превращение их в филиалы и ослабление таким путём высшего образования в средних, больших и даже крупных городах российской провинции ведёт к стагнации и депрессивному состоянию этих городов. Один из основных факторов такой ситуации – массовая образовательная эмиграция молодёжи, которая ведёт к истощению человеческого капитала городов провинциальной России и снижению их потенциала. И наоборот, сохранение самостоятельных вузов в этих городах является важной предпосылкой как их укрепления и роста, так и развития университетов в них. В статье рассматриваются некоторые пути позитивного решения проблем взаимосвязи провинциальных российских вузов и городов, которые могли бы привести к их сохранению и развитию в условиях экономической и социальной неопределённости.

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