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Vysshee Obrazovanie v Rossii = Higher Education in Russia

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No 3 (2014)

MODERNIZATION PRACTICE

5-11 232
Abstract
We generalize the experience of technical teachers training and certification implemented by International Society for Engineering Education IGIP in parallel with the activity of the recent created by the European Commission «High Level Group on the modernization of higher education». We use some theses on the internationalization of higher education teachers training in the European Higher Education Area adopted by this Group. We propose to apply this mutual experience in the implementation of the Presidential Programdirected on the technicians and engineers training in the Russian Federation.
11-20 238
Abstract
This article continues a cycle of publications by the title «Economic security of the technical university». There is offered an indicative system of economic security of the technical college, containing eighteen indicators, grouped in five projections (students, teachers, science and innovations, material, financial and information resources, management), the threshold values of these indicators are proved. It is shown that it is necessary to carry out normalization of indicators for a joint analysis of the dynamics of indicators of university economic security. The article adduces different types of normalizing functions and shows «risk zones» - areas of indicators values in various degree remote from threshold values. The article substantiates the possibility to use generalized indices by aggregating information within each projection system of economic security.
20-29 194
Abstract
The paper presents the innovative scheme of organization of multilevel continuous environmental education that is being implemented on the basis of the Don State Technical University. This scheme includes such basic structural elements as ecological education of school children and pre-school children, vocational education and student volunteer movement, skills upgrading training, expert activities. There are significant opportunities for self-development, lying in the field of practical volunteer work with the population, including selective collection of hazardous waste generated at home, such as mercury-containing lampsand batteries, as well as in the field of gardening. The proposed scheme can be a model forother educational institutions of Russia, which can provide support for the city authorities in realization of ecological programs of the government of Russia.

CROSSROAD OF OPINIONS

30-41 360
Abstract
The article analyses the experience in application of competence approach in Russian education. This approach is compared with the other points of view, especially withthe traditional orientation of education towards knowledge and qualification. The author points out that the competence approach has not improved the quality of education in Russia. Moreover, taken as a kind of universal paradigm, it often hinders the upgrading of real competences. The reason is seen in the fact that to reduce the aims of education to “competences” means to ignore intuitive, or soGcalled personal knowledge, which cannot betested in a usual way. The article also attracts attention to the fact that in newly adoptededucation standards competences are treated as widely as to include moral dispositions and values, and this position from the philosophical point of view seems very doubtful, as soon as in this case the notion of competence embraces nearly the whole contents of our mentality. Instead, the author suggests some alternatives. Taking as a starting point the core trends of modern science (post-non-classical science, technoscience) he promotes key aims for educationsuch as development of transdisciplinary thinking and cultivating of human creativity.
41-47 352
Abstract
Reforms of the past fifteen years are considered as inadequate to the evolutionary development of national higher education and Russian socio-economic realities.Bureaucratization of all sectors of society, including education, increases pseudoinnovation trends, especially in the regions. Power crisis is caused by the traditions based on manipulation by social benefits, centralized multi-level control, distribution and redistribution of cash flows and quotas, active exploitation of people’s slave psychology. Change of this situation is associated with a change in management forms that keep encouraging dependency, paperwork, monitoring, distributive and redistributive features preventing the effects of self-organization.
47-54 330
Abstract
The paper dwells on the discrepant events that take place in higher school pedagogy. Above all, the matter concerns the implementation of a competence approach, its risks, limitations, unsolved and unsolvable problems. The other point at issue is a technological approach that induces the teacher to be more organized and to focus on structure, dynamics of learning, concentration on subject, time economy. The author casts doubts on the expediency of standardization of teacher’s and student’s activities. One more aspect of the problem relatesto pedagogical texts and publications with ambiguous interpretation and variant reading ofterms and notions. These tendencies do not contribute to communication and cooperation between researchers and teachers, between theory and educational practice.

JUBILEE

55-64 243
Abstract
In the interview, the University rector, Doctor of Economics, Professor Glagolev describes the place BSTU named after V.G Shukhov holds in Russian and world rankings. The strategic mission, goals and objectives of the University are designated. The paper describes the development and implementation of new education programs at theuniversity , the experience in training specialists by request of an employer. Draws attention to the international cooperation and the creation of venture educational centers. Examines the goals and objectives of the conception of cultural and educational work that is carried out at the university.
65-72 231
Abstract
The article discusses topical issues of implementation of practice-oriented model of students’ training in innovative entrepreneurship on the basis of higher education institutionsof Russia. The authors present and analyze the positive experience of Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, which dynamically develops effective model of educational research and innovation complex, providing incentives for innovation activities of young scientists and commercialization of university intellectual property. In this paper, by the example of the project «Production of composite binding» there are examined the stages of creating industrial enterprise with implementing the innovations of the University. The specificity of organization of innovative youth activities may be of interest both for Russian and foreign organizations and partners.
73-77 256
Abstract
The article is devoted to the issues of organization of research and innovationactivities in modern technical higher education institution. The authors focus attention on involving students in research activities in order to provide reproduction of intellectual potential of the state by means of influx of young highly-qualified specialists into the various spheres of economy and scientific activities.
77-83 424
Abstract
The paper is devoted to a new transGdisciplinary research direction - geonics (geomimetics). As distinct from biomimetics, this new discipline studies the basic principles of the development of inorganic world in order to optimize the system “man - material - environment”. The article asserts that geonics must become the foundation for material scienceof the future.
83-88 257
Abstract
The article focuses on the problem of arranging practiceGoriented education at technical university. The basic steps in this direction are the establishment of the University of Applied Sciences of BSTU, implementation of the dual education system, university cooperation with enterprises for future employment of graduates, creating a Scillbook web-resource based on BSTU portal, aimed at rendering assistance in graduates’ job placement.
88-93 192
Abstract
An interview with Vladimir Pavlovich Kozhevnikov, a department head, candidate of technical sciences, professor at Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G.Shukhov, touches upon innovative developments of BSTU scientists, who have created the university system of autonomous heat supply. The paper presents the work of a training research and production complex at BSTU providing scientific and methodological assistance in students training within the program of «heat and power supply». The paper contains a block diagram for enhancing energy management system at BSTU.
93-98 300
Abstract
The article explores the mechanisms of realization of the health-forming program in the learning process in the discipline “Physical training”. There are analyzed the problems of increasing students’ activity in organization of their own health training and exploration ofthe valuable potential of physical culture.

DISCUSSING A PROBLEM

99-108 181
Abstract
The article presents a possible approach to designing the evaluation procedures, for determination of the successfulness of learning professionally oriented physics course attechnical university. The authors introduce the concept “physical competency” characterizing student’s preparedness to solve successfully professional tasks basing on physical laws, models and effects. There are marked out the main constituents of physical competency, which can be viewed as estimated learning outcomes. The authors suggest using the typical tasks implemented in professional cycle of disciplines for evaluation students’ learning level and physical competence level. The selected empirical data of technical students’ examinationshow that the learning level in physics is rather low and that the professional disciplines do notpromote adequately to the development of their physical competency.
108-117 314
Abstract
Specialists training at national research universities requires creation of selfG dependently established educational standards, which differ essentially from the Federal Standards in complexity, structure, content, conditions of implementation, as well as applyingof special educational technologies. Education standards for each university must have their own peculiarities. The authors present the concept of development and the experience in design of own education standards of Perm National Research Polytechnic University. These education standards provide formation of innovation competence of technical specialists.
117-123 313
Abstract
The paper describes the experience of Kazan National Research Technological University in internationalization of engineering education. Realization of the conception ofinternationalization implies carrying out the policy for development of international activities, creation of effective infrastructure for ensuring academic mobility, and formation ofmulticultural and multilanguage environment for raising the foreign language competency of the faculty. The experience shows that nowadays internationalization has become the principle of education modernization, which determines the university development areas.

SOCIOLOGY OF HIGHER EDUCATION

124-128 211
Abstract
The paper discusses new methodological aspects in the analysis of scientific environment in the sociology of education. It focuses on the new elements in the structure of this branch of sociology that exceed the limits of national and local researchers’ communities and become possible due to global spread of new IT and scientific communications, open resources of research data. The paper points at the global sociology of education as a reality that sets new conditions for researchers.
129-135 196
Abstract
The article reveals research results of social trends in students’ migration of RSFSR/Russian HEIs in 1959-1999 including the analysis from the point of view HEIs’ branch affiliation. Educational statistics enables to review the stability parameters for student groups (share of graduates from the number of enrolled) plus correlation between the indexesof stability and enrollment competition. Examination of interconnection between rank consequence of HEI’s branch affiliation on stability and competition (with the help of Spearmen rank correlation coefficients) gave the following regularity: the harder the HEI enrollment competition the more stable are student groups and the lower the number of screened out.
135-139 295
Abstract
The empirical basis of article is provided by the results of the sociological surveyof first-year students of MGTU of N.E. Bauman, conducted by the Prof. Orekhovska N.A. and Assoc. Prof. Gavrilina E.A. The results of the students’ survey show a very low level of culture and general outlook. The authors substantiate the need for formation of students’ common cultural competences. It is necessary for their further successful selfGrealization in any professional activity including, engineering and administrative.

PAGES OF HISTORY

140-145 300
Abstract
The article deals with the participation of the provincial health authorities - the medical board in organization of medical training. In Russia at the end of XVIII - early XIX cent., when regulatory framework of medical education evolved, no clear rules for admissionto educational institutions, common standards of qualification examinations existed. There were serious difficulties in recruiting medical faculties. The acute shortage of doctors forced the government to resort to administrative measures of recruiting medical and pharmaceutical personnel from among seminary students who had an acceptable level of general education, and went to meet the desire of “health officials” to improve their professional status, facilitating the passage of qualification tests. Medical boards played a role of important tools of this policy.
146-150 277
Abstract
The article dwells on a number of problems characterizing an arrangment of research activities at Siberian universities in the second half of the 1970s - early 1980s. The analysis is made on a wide documentary basis. The paper features the most prominent achievements of Siberian university scientists in investigation the problems of natural and technical sciences as well as humanities. Special attention is given to the experience ininteraction between universities and scientific research institutes. There are also mentioned difficulties and problems that impeded the development of university science.
152-155 234
Abstract
The article presents the interpretation of the concept of educational environment as a means of organizing a competency-oriented professional language education, in particular as a means of formation of the complex of cultural competencies. We define a number of specific characteristics of the educational environment at a modern university, and in particularat a university or department of foreign languages.
156-158 399
Abstract
The Federal State Education Standards pay special attention to the organization of students’ work with use of active and interactive forms and the methods of training aimed at formation and development of students’ professional competences. Changes in the education legislation create additional possibilities of application of the new technologies in the process of training of future specialists. The South-Ural Professional Institute sets a goal to arrange e-education environment based on new the approaches and technologies. The authors focus their attention on electronic modular courses of disciplines.


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ISSN 0869-3617 (Print)
ISSN 2072-0459 (Online)